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Hurricane Norma (1981)
Hurricane Norma was the one of two hurricanes to make landfall during the 1981 Pacific hurricane season. It developed on October 8, strengthening into a tropical storm and later a hurricane. Norma moved slowly to the northwest and strengthened into a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. The storm recurved and accelerated to the northeast on October 11 and weakened to a Category 2. The next day, Norma made landfall near Mazatlán on October 12 and soon dissipated. The hurricane's remnants continued northeastward and entered the United States, crossing into central Texas before being absorbed by a frontal system on October 14. Norma caused $24 million in crop damage and one death in Mexico, as well as up to . In Texas, the storm produced flooding rains that killed five people, $50 million in damage and caused many tornadoes. Rainfall was also reported as far inland as Kansas.
==Meteorological history==
Early on October 8, a tropical depression had developed far from land. Initially, the storm moved west-northwest, but it turned to the northwest six hours after forming. Over sea surface temperatures of , the storm intensified into Tropical Storm Norma at 0600 UTC . By midday on October 9, the winds had reached 50 mph (85 km/h) and on 1800 UTC October 9, the Eastern Pacific Hurricane Center upgraded the storm into a hurricane and a well-defined eye became visible via satellite imagery.〔
Upon reaching hurricane strength, Norma began to undergo a period rapid intensification;〔 it reached Category 2 intensity on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale six hours later. Later that that, the storm reached major hurricane status, a storm with winds of or higher on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. . The storm reached its peak of 125 mph (205 km/h) at 1800 UTC on October 10. Passing east of Socorro Island, the storm turned north and shortly thereafter north-northeast due to southwesterly flow over northwestern Mexico.〔
The storm began to accelerate while continuing to weaken; by 1200 UTC on October 11, the storm had weakened into a mid-level Category 2 hurricane.〔 After briefly re-intensifying that night, Hurricane Norma made landfall just northeast of Mazatlan with winds of 105 mph (155 km/h) at 1000 UTC on October 12. Two hours later, advisories were discontinued as the center dissipated 46.5 mi (75 km) north of Mazatlan.〔 However, a second area of low pressure formed over western Texas early on October 13. After producing heavy rains, the system was absorbed by a frontal system on October 14.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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